Alois kohn and feitz watzlawik



(No Model.)

A. KUHN 8v P. WATZLAWIK. ART OF MANUFACTURING IMITATION TURKEY UARPETS AND GHBNILLB WBF'I' THERBFOR.

PatentedDec. 7

,1886 Tiff fly - pet.

UNITED STATES PATENT FEICE.

ALOIS KOHN AND FRITZ VATZLAWIK, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

ART OF MANUFACTURING IMlTATlON TURKEY CARPETS AND CHENILLE WEFT THEREFOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,869, dated December 7, 1886'.

Applicationiiled February 24, 1885. Serial No.156,840. (No specimens.) Patented in France September 22, 1884, No.1G4A82; in Belgium September 22, 1884, No. 66.378, and January 21, 1885, No. 67,608; in Germany September-23, 1884, No. 32,466; in England Jannary 22, 1885, No. 909, and in Austria-Hungary February 1, 1885, No. 41,505 and No. 5,338.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that we, ALoIs KoHN and FRITZ WATZLAWIK, both subjects of the Emperor ot Austria-Hungary, residing at Vienna, in the Province of Nether Austria, in the Empire of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Manufacturing Imitation Turkey Carpets and Chenille Weft therefor, (for which Letters Patent have been granted in Austria-Hungary, No. 41,505 and No. 5,338, dated February 1, 1885; in Germany, No. 32,466, dated September 23, 1884; in France, No. 164,432, dated September 22, 1884; in Belgium, No. 66,378, dated September 22, 1884, and No. 67,608, dated January 21, 1885; in England, No. 909, dated January 22, 1885;) and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appel tains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon,.which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to the art of manufacturing carpets in imitation of what is known asv Turkish7 carpets and chenille weft therefor.

It is well known that in the manufacture of Turkey carpets the pile is, produced by tying each single pile-thread to the back ofthe car- By these means patterns of any desired number of colors can be produced, which is not the case when carpets, such as velvet carpets, are woven on the Jacquard loom. On the other hand, the tying in of the pile-threads is such a laborious and tedious operation as to materially increase the` cost of manufacture of such carpets.

The object of this invention is to avoid the labor connected with the tying in of the pilethreads and produce mechanically carpets similar to those referred to.V

The invention has for its further object to provide a mode of operation whereby a certain portion of any desired number of carpets of the same pattern may be produced by one operation.

To these ends the invention consists in the mode of producing the weft or pilestrips, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as a step in the manufacture of carpets in imitation of Turkey carpets.

The invention further consists in the mode of producing the imitation Turkey carpets by means of said weft-strips, substantially as hereinafter fully described.

Carpets in imitation of Turkey carpets are according to our method produced mechanically from patterns composed of colored squares that clearly indicate the design and arrangement of the colored squares tobe reproduced in the carpet. In these patterns each transverse range of squares corresponds to a shoot ofthe pile-weft, and each shoot of such pileweft according to our invention consists of a woven ribbon or strip, the warp of which is composed of wool threads of the required colors. These weft strips or ribbons have weftless edges that are intended to be brushed up for forming the pile of the carpet and a -central weftless portion that is intended to represent and imitate the knots in the pile of the genuine Turkey carpet, and that also reproduces the pattern on the back of said carpet.

The manufacture of the carpets in imitation of Turkey carpets according to our invention consists, therefore, of two operations-namely, first, that of weaving the fringed strips or ribbons (which we will hereinafter denominate by the term of weft or pile7 strips) of multicolored wool, according to the transverse ranges of the colored squares in the pattern, and, second, the weaving of these weft-strips as a weft into a suitable warp to produce the multicolored pile of the carpet.

In the `accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a carpet-pattern. Fig. 2 represents a portion of a chain corresponding to the upper transverse range of the pattern combined with the weft, hereinafter described. Fig. 3 shows one strip cut from a chain silnilar to that shown -in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a like strip from which the center weft-th reads have been removed for purposes hereinafter described. Fig. 5k

Y illustrating the manner in which the weft-strips are placed into the shed of the chain or warp;

and Fig. 7 shows on a larger scale the forward end of the shed.

n carrying out the rst step of the inveny 2, 3, and 4: As many warps or chains of colf ered-wool threads a ct are beamedas there are differently figured or colored transverse ranges in the pattern of the carpet, each warp or chain producing any desired number of fringed weft or pile strips of the same transverse range of colors, that are woven into suitable warps for as many different carpets of the same pattern, or into a warp for one carpet as many times as t-he transverse range of colors corresponding to the strip or ribbon recurs in said carpet. Thus, for instance, the weft strip or ribbon R (shown in Fig. 4) corresponds with ,the transverse range A of the pattern shown in Fig. l, and, supposing that one hundred such weft-strips R are produced from one chain or warp, they may be used as a weft in one hundred carpets for one transverse range of `colored squares in the pattern, or in a given number ot' carpets for a multiplicity of identical transverse ranges of squares in the pattern. The length of these multicolored chains will therefore depend not only on the number of carpets of the same pattern it is desired to produce, but also on the number of times the same transverse range of colors is repeated in said pattern and on the length'of the pile of the carpet, as will be readily understood.

After a chain is beamed7 it isl bound at interhundred and fifty to two hundred per meter,

according to the quality of such carpet.

Having described in a general way the op.-y

eration ot' producing the fringed strips or ribbons, we will now proceed to describe the same in detail. y

' A chain or warp of multicolor wool threads,

`a a, corresponding to the colors in a given transverse range of the pattern, having been beamed in the usualway, we first introduce into the warp a fiat wooden bar or slat, b, Fig.

2, the width of which corresponds to the length of pile to be produced. Next we weave into the warp a few shoots, usually four, of wool yarn, c, then one or two shoots of pack-thread, d, and again a few shoots lof wool yarn, c. This constitutes the weft ofone strip, after which another fiat bar or lath, b', of the same width as lath or bar b, is inserted, that determines the length of the pile on vthe opposite side of the or lath, b, wool yarn, pack-thread, wool yarn again, and a iiat bar or lath, b, and soon throughout the chain or warp.

As hereinabove stated, the described operf "fu ation takes place for each differently colored 'or lath, b, wool yarn, pack-thread, Wool yarn again, a second fiat bar or lath, b', a flat barv or gured transverse range in the pattern, and

these fabrics are cut into strips between the laths or bars b and b,and said strips are numbered according to their order of succession in the pattern, and are finally woven as a weft into `any suitable warp, as hereinafter described.

The fabric shown in Fig. 2 will, when .out into strips or ribbons, as described, form the weft f or the transverse range A in the pattern shown in Fig. 1, and it will be seen that this transverse range is repeated in that part of the pattern that formsv the border of the carpet; hence as many strips cut from this particular fabric are used in one and the same carpet as the transverse range of colors in thefpattern corresponding with the warp of this fabric recurs, the other strips being used in other carpets of the same pattern, and so with every fabric the warp whereof correspondswith one of the transverse ranges of squares in the pattern.

The portion of the chenille strip shown in Fig. 4 corresponds with the transverse range of figures A. (Shown in Fig. l.)

After the different fabrics have been cut into strips and properly numbered, as described, and to prevent the displacement of the woolyarn weft-threads c and c', these are firmly sewed to the warp in a sewing-machine, as shown by dotted lineswxin Fig. 4, and finally the paclcthread wefts d, between said woolyarn Weft-threads c and c', are drawn out Vto leave a central weftless portion in the strip or' ribbon R, as shown in said Fig. 4, that imitates in the completed Vcarpet the knots of the true Turkey carpet, and reproduces the pattern on the back of said carpet, as shown in Fig. 5. By means of these strips or ribbons the carpets are produced as follows, referring more particularly to Figs. 6 and 7: A packthread warp, a2 a2, is heddled into two leaves, e and e', of an ordinary loom, the reed f of which contains one thread for each split, and the intervals between said splits are exactly as large as in the reeds used in weaving. The strips or ribbons above described and the chain or warp and the weft are crossed in the same manner as in weaving ordinary linen goods.

In beginning a carpet, a few shoots of wool yarn, g, are first introduced into the chain or warp, and then the first weft strip or ribbon,

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R-as, for instance, that indicated by A in f i' the pattern, Fig. l.- To prevent the shrinkingY of the saidweft strips or ribbons, they are secured at their ends to a rod or bar, t', triangular in cross-section, which is introduced into the chain or warp in such manner that the rear or thicker portion will be elevated above the forward or thinner portion of said rod or bar t'. By means of a brush the fringe at the front edge of the ribbon is brushed up or erected to form the pile. The position of the warpthreads is now reversed, the reed beaten up against the rod or bar t', and the latter til-ted so as to elevate its front edge above'the rear edge, which will enable the operator to brush up the fringe along the said rear edge of the weft strip or ribbon, and when this has been effected the strip or ribbon is detached from the bar or rod z', and the latter is withdrawn from the warp or chain.

In order to fill out the warp between the pile-threads of adjacent strips or ribbons,a few shoots of strong wool yarn, j, Fig. 7, are interposed and a new strip or ribbon introduced as aweft intothewarp of pack threadthat A2, Fig. 1, for instance-and the operation repeated with such weft strips or ribbons in their proper succession, as at A A3 A* AX, &c., until the carpet is completed, when again a few shoots of strong wool yarn are woven in to bind the edges. The carpet so produced is then finished in the usual manner by steaming. beating,'brushing, and shearing.

Having thus described our invention and how the same is to be performed, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s`

1. The improvement in the art of manufacturing chenille weft, which consists in first beaming a chain of multicolored wool corresponding with one of thetransverse ranges of colored figures in the pattern, then introducing into said chain a fiat wooden bar, then a few shoots of yarn, next one or more shoots of pack-thread, again a few shoots of yarn and a dat wooden baror lath, repeating the operation by the introduction of another flat wooden bar, and so on until the fabric is completed, then severing the fabric between the wooden bars and removing the pack-threads from between the yarn threads, whereby a chenille strip is obtainedthat has a central weftless portion, as described, for the purpose specified.

2. The improvement in the art of mannfacturing chenille weft, which consists in first beaming a chain of multicolored wool corresponding with one of the transverse ranges of colored figures in the pattern, then introducing into said chain a fiat wooden bar, then a few shoots of yarn, next one or more shoots of pack-thread, again a few shoots of yarn and a flat wooden bar -or lath, repeating the operation by the introduction of another fiat wooden bar, and so on untilthefabricis completed,then severing the fabric between the wooden bars, removing the pack-threads from between the yarn threads and sewing the warp to the remaining weft, whereby a chenille strip is obtained that has a central weftless portion, as described, for the purpose specified.

3. The herein-described mode of manufacturing carpets in imitation of Turkey carpets, which consists in first producing as many chenille strips as there are transverse ranges of colored figures in the carpet, each of which chenille strips answers to one of said transverse ranges of colors, removing a portion of the weft of said chenille strips to form a ceutral weftless portion, as described, beaming a chain of packthread,weaving said strips in their order into said chain, the fringed edges thereof forming the pile of the carpet as usual, and filling out thechain between the adjacent weft-strips by a few shoots of pack-thread, whereby the pattern of the carpet is reproduced on the back thereof by the weltless portion of the chenille stripsand the knots in the Turkey carpet imitated thereby, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of' two witnesses.

ALOIS KOHN. FRITZ WATZLAWIK.

litiiesses:

JAMES RILEY WEAVER, KAROLY ALAJos hTovIJ 

